拆模一般分二次拆模。待砼強度達到10Mpa方可拆除模殼。砼強度達到設計強度的70%時,方可拆除支柱,但大跨主梁必須達到設計強度的100%。拆除方法是用1根φ14、長50cm的小橇棒橇動內部的角鋼框(不能直接撬模殼)即可下落,建筑模殼可周轉使用,拆除主龍骨與支撐系統。
柱(zhu)頂構(gou)造分為(wei)(wei)有柱(zhu)帽(mao)和無(wu)(wu)柱(zhu)帽(mao)兩種。當(dang)樓(lou)面(mian)(mian)荷載較(jiao)小時,采(cai)(cai)用(yong)無(wu)(wu)柱(zhu)帽(mao)的(de)形式;當(dang)樓(lou)面(mian)(mian)荷載較(jiao)大時,為(wei)(wei)提高(gao)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)承載能力(li)、剛度和抗(kang)沖切能力(li),可以在(zai)柱(zhu)頂設置柱(zhu)帽(mao)和托(tuo)板(ban)(ban)(ban)來減(jian)小板(ban)(ban)(ban)跨(kua)、增加柱(zhu)對板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)支托(tuo)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)。無(wu)(wu)梁樓(lou)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)柱(zhu)間(jian)距宜(yi)為(wei)(wei)6m,成方形布置。由于(yu)(yu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)跨(kua)度較(jiao)大,故板(ban)(ban)(ban)厚不(bu)宜(yi)小于(yu)(yu)150mm,一(yi)般為(wei)(wei)160~200mm。無(wu)(wu)梁樓(lou)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)板(ban)(ban)(ban)底(di)平整,室內凈空高(gao)度大,采(cai)(cai)光(guang)、通風條(tiao)件(jian)好,便于(yu)(yu)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)工(gong)業化的(de)施(shi)工(gong)方式,適用(yong)于(yu)(yu)樓(lou)面(mian)(mian)荷載較(jiao)大的(de)公(gong)共建筑(如商(shang)店(dian)、倉(cang)庫、展覽館等)和多層工(gong)業廠房(fang)。
