拆模一般分二次拆模。待砼強度達到10Mpa方可拆除模殼。砼強度達到設計強度的70%時,方可拆除支柱,但大跨主梁必須達到設計強度的100%。拆除方法是用1根φ14、長50cm的小橇棒橇動內部的角鋼框(不能直接撬模殼)即可下落,建筑模殼可周轉使用,拆除主龍骨與支撐系統。
柱(zhu)(zhu)頂構造分為有柱(zhu)(zhu)帽和(he)(he)無柱(zhu)(zhu)帽兩種。當(dang)樓(lou)面(mian)(mian)荷載較小時,采(cai)用(yong)(yong)無柱(zhu)(zhu)帽的形式;當(dang)樓(lou)面(mian)(mian)荷載較大(da)時,為提高板(ban)(ban)(ban)的承載能(neng)(neng)力、剛度和(he)(he)抗沖切能(neng)(neng)力,可以在柱(zhu)(zhu)頂設置柱(zhu)(zhu)帽和(he)(he)托板(ban)(ban)(ban)來減小板(ban)(ban)(ban)跨、增加柱(zhu)(zhu)對板(ban)(ban)(ban)的支托面(mian)(mian)積。無梁樓(lou)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的柱(zhu)(zhu)間距宜為6m,成方(fang)形布置。由于(yu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的跨度較大(da),故(gu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)厚不(bu)宜小于(yu)150mm,一般(ban)為160~200mm。無梁樓(lou)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的板(ban)(ban)(ban)底平整(zheng),室內凈(jing)空(kong)高度大(da),采(cai)光、通風條件好(hao),便于(yu)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)工(gong)業化(hua)的施工(gong)方(fang)式,適(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)樓(lou)面(mian)(mian)荷載較大(da)的公共建筑(如商店、倉庫、展覽館等)和(he)(he)多層工(gong)業廠房(fang)。
